Mini-grid hybridization and demand side management on non-interconnected small islands: the case study of Ustica, Italy

Small Mediterranean islands are typically served by mini-grids based on inefficient, polluting and costly diesel generators that provide electricity freshwater through desalination plants. The study focuses the case of Italian island Ustica, for which actual consumption generation load profiles 2018 have been used to simulate different scenarios HOMER Pro software. tested possible integration renewable energy sources (photovoltaic, small wind turbines) electrochemical storage in system, a techno-economic, financial, environmental analysis. In addition generation-side interventions, demand-side management strategies evaluated considering desalter as deferrable introducing efficiency measures. Finally, sensitivity analysis most influential parameters (diesel price, discount rate) has conducted base scenario. proposed technical solutions compatible with regulatory constraints lead reduced emissions long-term savings. savings would enable reduction cross-subsidy mainland users pay cover higher costs incurred non-interconnected islands.